Past Perfect Tense : Pengertian, Fungsi, Rumus, Dan Contoh Kalimat Beserta Latihan Soal & Jawaban
Pengertian Past Perfect Tense
The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.
Past Perfect yaitu bentuk waktu (Tenses) yang dipakai untuk mengungkapkan gagasan bahwa sesuatu yang terjadi sebelum tindakan lain di masa lalu. Itu juga dapat menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lalu.
contoh.
- I had finished the work. aku sudah jawaban mengerjakan pekerjaan itu.
- She had gone . Dia telah Pergi
Dengan kata lain Past Perfect menjelaskan sebuah aktifitas yang sudah jawaban dilakukan sebelum sesuatu yang lain terjadi di masa lalu (Completed Action Before Something in the Past)
Fungsi Past Perfect Tense
Completed Action Before Something in the Past
Past Perfect yaitu tenses yang dipakai untuk mengungkapkan sebuah gagasan bahwa sesuatu terjadi sebelum aktifitas lain terjadi di masa lalu. hal ini juga dapat menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lalu.
contoh.
- I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Krui. aku sudah tidak pernah lagi pelihat pantai yang begitu indah sebelum saya pergi ke Krui.
- I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet. Aku tidak punya uang lagi alasannya yaitu dompet ku hilang.
- Saiful knew Kota agung so well because he had visited the city several times. saiful mengetahui dengan baik perihal kota agung, alasannya yaitu beliau pernah berkunjung kesana beberapa kali.
- Had arwan ever studied sundanese before she moved to West java? Sudahkah arwan berguru bahasa sunda sebelum beliau pindah ke jawa barat?
Duration Before Something in the Past (Non-Continuous Verbs)
Dengan menggunakan kata kerja Non-Continuous Verb dan beberapa kata kerja non-continuous digunakan secara campur atau kata kerja campuran. nah, kita memakai bentuk ini dalam Past Perfect untuk menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu yang dimulai di masa lalu dan terus sampai tindakan lain terjadi di masa lalu.
Examples:
- We had had that car for ten years before it broke down. kami sudah memiliki kendaraan beroda empat itu selama 10 tahun sebelum mobil-mobil itu rusak.
- By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years. beberapa ketika sebelum alex menuntaskan studinya, beliau sudah berada di london selama lebih dari 8 tahun.
IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect
Tidak menyerupai dengan Present Perfect. disini kita dapat menggunakan kata-kata waktu tertentu atau frasa tertentu dengan Past Perfect. Meskipun hal ini mungkin, hal ini biasanya tidak diperlukan.
Example:
- She had visited her Lampungnese relatives once in 2001 before she moved in with them in 2003. dia sudah mengunjungi keluarga lampungnya dikota agung sekali pada tahun 1993, sebelum beliau pindah bersama mereka pada tahun 2003.
MOREOVER
Kalau aktifitas yang dilakukan dalam bentuk Past Perfect tidak sesuai dengan waktu yang sudah tertentu, Simple Past sanggup dipakai terrhadap Past Perfect ketika “before” atau “after” dipakai dalam kalimat. kata “before” dan “after” menjelaskan kepada kita perihal sesutau yang pertama kali terjadi, sehingga Past Perfect yaitu pilihan. alasannya yaitu alasan ini kedua kalimat dibawah ini menjadi benar.
Examples:
- She had visited her Lampungnese relatives once in 2001
- before she moved in with them in 2003
HOWEVER
Jika dalam Past Perfect tidak menjelaskan aktifitas dalam waktu yang jelas. maka past perfec bukan lah pilihan yang tepat.
coba bandingkan 2 kalimat dibawah ini. Di sini Past Perfect menjelaskan tentang kurangnya pengalaman dari tindakan pada waktu tertentu. Untuk alasan ini lah ,Past Perfect tidak dapat digunakan.
contoh.
- She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not Correct
- She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
dibawah ini mengatakan pola penempatan adverbs seperti: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
contoh.
- You had previously studied English before you moved to New York.Anda sebelumnya telah belajar bahasa Inggris sebelum Anda pindah ke New York
- Had you previously studied English before you moved to New York? sudahkah Anda sebelumnya belajar bahasa Inggris sebelum Anda pindah ke New York?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Contoh.
- George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic’s license. Active. George telah diperbaiki banyak mobil sebelum ia menerima lisensi mekanik nya. Aktif
- Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic’s license. Passive. Banyak mobil telah diperbaiki oleh George sebelum dia menerima lisensi mekanik nya. Pasif
Rumus Past Perfect Tense
subject | + | auxiliary have | + | main verb |
conjugated in Past Simple | ||||
had | past participle |
The auxilary verb (have) is conjugated in the Past Simple: had
The main verb is invariable in past participle form: -ed (or irregular)
For negative sentences we insert not between the auxiliary verb and the main verb.
For question sentences, we exchange the subject and the auxiliary verb.
Look at these example sentences with the Past Perfect tense:
subject | auxiliary verb | main verb | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
+ | I | had | finished | my work. | |
+ | You | had | stopped | before me. | |
– | She | had | not | gone | to school. |
– | We | had | not | left. | |
? | Had | you | arrived? | ||
? | Had | they | eaten | dinner? |
Contoh kalimat Past Perfect Tense
Positive sentences
They had visited a doctor. Mereka berkunjung ke dokter.
He had slept. dia sudah tidur
I had finished my work last year. Aku telah menyelesaikan pekerjaan saya tahun lalu
It had rained heavily last month. Telah hujan deras bulan lalu.
The film had started before we reached cinema. Film telah dimulai sebelum kita mencapai bioskop.
Negative sentences
They had not visited a doctor. mereka tidak mengunjungi dokter
He had not slept. dia belum tidur
I had not finished my work last year.Aku belum menyelesaikan pekerjaan saya tahun lalu
It had not rained heavily last month. tidakterjadi hujan deras bulan lalu
The film had not started before we reached cinema. Film itu belum dimulai sebelum kita mencapai bioskop.
Interrogative sentences
Had they visited a doctor? apakah Mereka berkunjung ke dokter
Had he slept? sudahkah beliau tidur?
Had I finished my work last year?sudahkah beliau menuntaskan pekerjaannya tahun lalu?
Had it rained heavily last month? hujan deraskah pada bulan lalu?
Had the film started before we reached cinema. sudahkah film itu diputar sebelum kita hingga di bioskop?
Latihan Soal
I. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect simple).
- The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build)__________
- He (not / be) ______to Cape Town before 1997.
- When she went out to play, she (do / already_____ her homework.
- My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) ______.
- The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on)_________ six weeks before.
- The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) _________.
- I could not remember the poem we (learn)_________ the week before.
- The children collected the chestnuts that (fall) _______from the tree.
- (he / phone) ___________Angie before he went to see her in London?
- She (not / ride) _________a horse before that day.
Jawaban:
- had built
- had not
- Had already done
- had Made
- had Put on
- had not
- Had Learned
- had Fallen
- Had He Phoned
- had not ride.
Demikian klarifikasi perihal bahan tenses (Past Perfect tense), mohon maaf jikalau ada kesalahan, biar menambah pengetahuan dan kecintaan anda terhadap bahasa Inggris. selamat belajar, terimakasih.
_Kerja Kerja Kerja_
Arwansyah
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